本部分收集展示了新加坡近期在全球公共卫生领域的研究进展，具体如下：

Authors	Article Title	文章标题	Source Title	Abstract	摘要	Publication Year	DOI Link
Tan, HY	Overview of Singapore's One Health Strategy	新加坡“同一健康”战略概览	ZOONOTIC DISEASES	The One Health approach integrates human, animal, and environmental health to address complex challenges like emerging zoonotic diseases and antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Singapore's dense urban environment, biodiversity, and role as a global hub make it vulnerable to these health threats, necessitating a robust and coordinated One Health framework. This paper reviews Singapore's One Health strategy, focusing on governance, surveillance, cross-sector partnerships, and public health infrastructure. A structured literature review, including peer-reviewed articles and grey literature, identified key strengths and gaps. Strengths include interagency coordination through the One Health Coordinating Committee, advanced surveillance systems like CDLENS and SIDPIC, and key institutions such as the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID) and the National Public Health Laboratory (NPHL). However, gaps remain in multi-sector engagement, data-sharing mechanisms, and public awareness of One Health principles. To address these challenges, this paper recommends enhancing multi-sector collaboration, strengthening data-sharing networks, and increasing public education on One Health. Investments in preventive medicine, cross-border capacity-building, and leveraging artificial intelligence for predictive analytics are essential for bolstering Singapore's health security. By addressing these gaps, Singapore can enhance its preparedness and serve as a global leader in One Health implementation.	本文综述了新加坡在“全健康”方法下的战略实践。新加坡因其高度城市化、生物多样性及全球枢纽地位，面临新发人兽共患病和抗微生物药物耐药性的威胁。研究指出，新加坡的优势包括通过全健康协调委员会实现机构间协调、先进的监测系统以及重点机构如国家传染病中心和国家公共卫生实验室的建设。然而，仍存在多部门协作不足、数据共享机制不完善以及公众对全健康理念认知有限等差距。为此，本文建议加强跨部门合作、完善数据共享网络、提升公众教育，并投资于预防医学、跨境能力建设及利用人工智能进行预测分析。弥补这些差距将有助于新加坡强化其健康安全，并在全健康实施方面成为全球引领者。	2025	http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/zoonoticdis5010002
Ramesh, M; Qian, JW	Strengthening primary care in Singapore: aligning vital health system components	加强新加坡的初级卫生保健：协调卫生体系的关键要素	POLICY DESIGN AND PRACTICE	Primary health care in Singapore faces significant challenges related to fragmentation and misaligned incentives, despite the country's impressive health outcomes and efficient healthcare system. This paper examines the country's primary care system through four key dimensions: governance, provision, financing, and payment. It argues that insufficient coordination and integration, stemming from a lack of appropriate incentives and controls for healthcare providers, are at the source of the system's shortcomings. The fragmented nature of primary care provision, limited government influence over private providers, and the predominance of fee-for-service payments hinder efforts to strengthen primary care in the country. Existing initiatives to address these issues have had limited success due to inadequate mechanisms for altering provider behavior. The paper contends that policy interventions focused on aligning incentives and strengthening governance are crucial for building a primary care system that effectively serves the population's evolving health needs.	这项研究针对新加坡初级卫生保健在高效运转的同时、依然面临服务碎片化和激励机制错位等挑战的现状，从治理、供给、筹资和支付四个核心维度对该国初级诊疗体系进行了系统剖析。研究指出，医疗服务提供方缺乏恰当的激励约束，是导致系统协调不足与整合欠缺的根源；而供给端的碎片化、政府对私立机构引导能力的有限，以及按项目付费模式的主导，共同构成了阻碍体系强化的现实壁垒，导致现有改革因未能有效扭转医生行为而收效局限。研究结论强调，新加坡未来急需聚焦于理顺利益激励导向并全面强化政府治理职能，通过精准的政策干预，构建起一个能有效响应和满足国民不断演变健康需求的初级卫生保健体系。	2025	http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/25741292.2025.2501826
Keng, BMH; Han, P; Low, A; Aung, KT; Khor, WC; Maiwald, M; Loo, LH; Oon, L; Koh, TH; Chew, KL; Wong, C; Seow, WJ; Boucher, YF	Epidemiology of diarrheagenic pathogens in acute hospitals in Singapore: a retrospective multicenter study	新加坡急症医院致泻病原体的流行病学：一项回顾性多中心研究	MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM	Acute infectious diarrhea imposes a substantial socioeconomic burden globally. In Singapore, information on etiological agents of diarrhea remains limited. Through analysis of data from public hospitals, this study presents key insights into the epidemiology of diarrheagenic pathogens. Two datasets comprising gastrointestinal multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) panel results from adult and pediatric populations, drawn from five hospitals across several years, were collated. Stool samples included in the study were screened for 22 pathogens using a commercial PCR assay. Overall sample positivity, pathogen relative abundances, and co-detection rate were determined. Potential associations between co-detected pathogens were assessed via pairwise correlations. Additionally, exploratory analysis was undertaken to investigate seasonal patterns and climatic influence on pathogen detection. Sample positivity was 42.6% (3,212/7,543) in the adult data set and 52.1% (1,572/3,015) in the pediatric data set. Despite differences in ranking, the most frequently detected organisms in both groups were pathogenic Escherichia coli, Clostridioides difficile, Salmonella, and Norovirus. Differences in pathogen proportions between data sets reveal distinct epidemiological profiles in adults and children. Geographic variations in the prevalence of pathogens such as Plesiomonas shigelloides and Vibrio underscore the influence of climate change on infectious disease transmission. Co-detection of two or more organisms occurred in 14.7% of adult samples. Pathogen detections peaked in the warmer, drier mid-year months. This study highlights the significant contribution of non-notifiable pathogens to acute diarrhea burden, contextualizing local data within global epidemiological trends. Our findings carry important implications for clinical decision-making, public health policy, One Health disease prioritization, and optimization of surveillance strategies.IMPORTANCEAcute infectious diarrhea remains a major global health issue, yet in many cases, specific etiologies are often undiagnosed or underreported. This study uses multiplex PCR panel testing to identify a broad spectrum of diarrheal pathogens from thousands of patients across public hospitals, offering one of the most comprehensive assessments in the Southeast Asian region to date. It highlights the potentially overlooked role of non-notifiable pathogens and reveals distinct epidemiological patterns in adult and pediatric populations. Furthermore, it uncovers seasonal trends and potential links between climate and disease transmission. These findings fill critical knowledge gaps, improving clinical decision-making and strengthening public health responses. Our study supports the integration of environmental and epidemiological data to optimize health planning and offers useful insights for enhancing national surveillance strategies under a One Health approach.	本研究通过对新加坡多家公立医院的成人和儿童腹泻样本进行多重PCR检测，系统分析了急性感染性腹泻的病原体流行病学特征。结果显示，样本阳性率在成人中略低于儿童。最常见的病原体包括致病性大肠杆菌、艰难梭菌、沙门菌和诺如病毒，但在成人和儿童中的相对丰度存在差异。约七分之一的成人样本检出两种或以上病原体共感染。病原体检测在较暖且干燥的年中月份达到高峰。此外，地域性病原体分布差异提示气候变化对传播的影响。研究强调，非必须报告的病原体在腹泻负担中具有重要作用，这些发现对临床决策、公共卫生政策、全健康框架下的疾病优先级设定以及监测策略优化具有重要意义。	2025	http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02725-25
Aggarwal, IM; Aiyappan, R; Husain, FS; Pathiraja, V; Mathur, M; Kathirvel, R; Puvanendran, R; Sun, J; Taylor, J; Saraswat, L; Hinchliff, S; Potocnik, K; Elliot, K; Panay, N; Briggs, P; Atkinson, C; Talaulikar, V; Rathnayake, N; Mudalige, T; Dhanarisi, J; Eleje, GU; Al-Kharusi, L; Al-Riyami, N; Toh, TH; Irfan, M; Kareem, R; Benetti-Pinto, CL; Mbwele, B; Ikwuka, DC; Kemp, HF; Corkhill, V; Majumder, K; Palanisamy, R; Shi, J; Elneil, S; Phiri, P; Delanerolle, G	Navigating menopause in Singapore: Sociocultural, clinical, and policy implications from a qualitative study (MARIE-Singapore)	在新加坡应对更年期：一项定性研究的社会文化、临床及政策启示（MARIE-Singapore）	ANNALS ACADEMY OF MEDICINE SINGAPORE	Introduction: Menopause is a universal life transition with lived experiences shaped by biological, psychological, sociocultural and systemic factors. In Singapore, where diverse cultural norms intersect with a high-pressure professional environment, little is known about how these influences converge to shape symptom recognition, coping and care. Methods: This qualitative study formed part of the multi-country MARIE project on menopause and midlife health. Eighteen participants with different menopausal stages were purposively sampled ensuring variation in age, ethnicity, socio-economic status and health status. Semi-structured interviews explored symptom profiles, psychosocial well-being, family and workplace dynamics, and healthcare experiences. Data were analysed using the Delanerolle and Phiri framework, integrating biological, psychological, sociocultural and health system domains. Results: Participants described heterogeneous symptom trajectories, with vasomotor, genitourinary and cognitive symptoms as most prominent. Multimorbidity and surgical menopause intensified symptom burden and narrowed treatment options. Anxiety, low mood and brain fog impaired work, particularly without workplace support. Sociocultural silences and misinformation reinforced self-management and delayed care-seeking. Resilience rooted in peer and family support, and culturally familiar coping strategies buffered distress for some. Health system gaps included inconsistent general practitioner's knowledge, reluctance to prescribe hormone therapy and private care costs. Study participation itself triggered symptom recognition and help-seeking in some, underscoring menopause invisibility in routine care.Conclusion: Findings highlight that menopause in Singapore is navigated through intersecting clinical, cultural and structural determinants. Addressing inequities requires embedding women's voices into clinical pathways, training clinicians in culturally competent care, and implementing workplace and public health policies that legitimise menopause as a health and occupational issue.	这项研究针对更年期受多重复杂因素共同塑造，但在新加坡多元文化交织与高压工作环境下，这些因素如何交汇并影响症状识别、应对及医疗照护此前鲜为人知的现状，探讨了新加坡女性更年期的多维体验。研究人员采用定性研究方法，对数十名涵盖不同年龄、族裔及社会经济背景的更年期不同阶段受访者进行了半结构化访谈，并基于整合了生物、心理、社会文化和卫生系统维度的框架对数据进行了系统梳理。结果表明，受访者的症状轨迹具有异质性，以血管舒缩、生殖泌尿和认知症状最为显著，而多病共存与手术绝经则会加剧症状负担；焦虑、低落情绪和脑雾在缺乏职场支持时会严重阻碍工作，同时社会文化对该话题的失语和误解也导致患者普遍倾向于自我管理并推迟就医；此外，医疗体系中存在全科医生知识不均、激素治疗处方意愿低以及私立医疗成本高昂等现实薄弱环节。研究结论强调，新加坡女性在渡过更年期时面临着临床、文化和结构性因素的交织影响，未来亟需将女性声音融入临床路径、培训具备文化胜任力的临床医生，并出台将更年期视为健康与职业问题的职场及公共卫生政策，以消除健康不平等现象。	2026	http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2025305
Kam, ML; Lim, LKY; Sng, LH; Ong, RTH; Lee, VJM; Wang, YT; Chee, CBE	Country-wide genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in Singapore, 2011-2017	2011—2017年新加坡结核分枝杆菌复合群全国性基因分型	TUBERCULOSIS	Objective: To describe the molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and factors associated with its transmission in Singapore. Methods: Spoligotyping, 24-loci mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units - variable number of tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR) typing and demographic data from the national TB notification registry of MTBC culture-positive cases notified from January 2011 to December 2017 were analysed. Results: Of the 12,046 culture-positive cases notified, complete spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR typing results were available for 8690 (72.1%) belonging to 4950 (57.0%) local-born and 3740 (43.0%) foreign-born persons. From these, 4810 (55.3%) were identified in 883 clusters. The proportion of recent transmission was 45.2%. The East-Asian Lineage 2 accounted for 4045 (47.1%) of isolates, and disproportionately accounted for large clusters. Clustered cases were more likely to be older than 50 years, male, Malay, local-born, Singapore citizens or Permanent Residents, of lower socioeconomic status, imprisoned; to harbour East-Asian Lineage 2 strain; to have cavitary pulmonary TB, positive sputum smear or be recalcitrant treatment defaulters. They were less likely to have multidrug-resistant, or isoniazid or rifampicin mono-resistant TB. Conclusion: We demonstrated the diversity of MTBC strains and, notwithstanding the likely over-estimation of clustering using these genotyping methods, elucidated factors associated with TB transmission in Singapore.	本研究旨在描述新加坡结核分枝杆菌复合群的分子流行病学特征及其传播相关因素。通过对2011至2017年间培养阳性病例进行基因分型并与国家结核登记数据关联分析，结果显示，超过半数的病例归属于不同的基因簇，近期传播比例较高。东亚谱系2是优势菌株，并主要形成较大规模的传播簇。聚集性病例更常见于50岁以上、男性、马来族、本地出生、新加坡公民或永久居民、社会经济地位较低、有监禁史者，以及感染东亚谱系2菌株、患有空洞性肺结核、痰涂片阳性或存在难治性治疗依从不良者。而聚集性病例中耐多药结核及异烟肼或利福平单耐药的比例则较低。研究揭示了新加坡结核菌株的多样性及传播相关的人群和临床特征。	2022	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2022.102204
Lim, ZW; Chee, ML; Thakur, S; Fang, XL; Soh, ZD; Majithia, S; Teo, ZL; Sabanayagam, C; Wong, TY; Cheng, CY; Tham, YC	Albuminuria and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: the Singapore Chinese Eye Study (SCES)	蛋白尿与原发性开角型青光眼：新加坡华人眼病研究（SCES）	BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY	Aims To determine the association between albuminuria and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods Participants of the Singapore Chinese Eye study were recruited and underwent standardised ocular and systemic examinations. Albuminuria was determined using urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR, mg/g) based on random spot urinary albumin and creatinine measurements. POAG was defined using the International Society of Geographic and Epidemiological Ophthalmology classification. Multivariable logistic regression with generalised estimating equation model was used to evaluate the association between albuminuria and POAG, while accounting for correlation between eyes. Results A total of 3009 Chinese adults (5963 eyes), aged 40-80 years, were included in this study, of which, 52 subjects (75 eyes) had POAG. Higher UACR (per 50 mg/g increase) was independently associated with POAG (OR=1.04, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.07, p=0.003) following adjustment for age, gender, intraocular pressure, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, anti-hypertensive medication, history of cardiovascular disease, current smoking status, alcohol intake, body mass index and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Further stratification revealed that individuals with macroalbuminuria were 8.00 times likely to have POAG (95% CI 2.97 to 21.54, p<0.001), compared with those with normoalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria was not significantly associated with POAG (OR=0.49, 95% CI 0.19 to 1.29, p=0.150). The association between macroalbuminuria and POAG remained significant among individuals who were diabetic (OR=9.89, 95% CI 2.49 to 39.30, p=0.001) and hypertensive (OR=8.39, 95% CI 3.07 to 22.94, p<0.001). Conclusion In this population-based study of Chinese adults, albuminuria was independently associated with POAG. Our findings provide further understanding on the pathogenesis of POAG and may potentially help to better identify individuals at risk of POAG.	这项研究针对探讨蛋白尿与原发性开角型青光眼之间临床关联证据有限的现状，旨在明确华人群体中尿白蛋白排泄水平与该眼病发生风险的关系。研究人员依托新加坡华人眼科研究，对数千名成年受访者进行了标准化的眼科与全身检查，通过尿白蛋白与肌酐比值评估蛋白尿水平，并采用多变量逻辑回归模型，在充分矫正年龄、眼压、糖尿病及高血压等混杂因素后，系统分析了两者之间的关联。结果表明，较高的 UACR 水平与原发性开角型青光眼独立正相关；分层分析显示，与尿白蛋白正常者相比，大量蛋白尿个体罹患该病的风险显著激增，而微量蛋白尿与该病的关联则不显著，且这种强关联性在糖尿病和高血压患者亚群中依然稳固存在。研究结论强调，蛋白尿是原发性开角型青光眼的独立危险因素，这一发现不仅为阐明青光眼的发病机制提供了新视点，也为临床早期识别和筛查青光眼高危个体提供了潜在依据。	2021	http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-315920
Tan, CK; Goh, GBB; Youn, J; Yu, JCK; Singh, S	Public awareness and knowledge of liver health and diseases in Singapore	新加坡公众对肝脏健康与疾病的认知与了解	JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY	Background and Aim Despite efforts in controlling and managing liver diseases, significant health issues remain. This study aims to evaluate the degree of public awareness and knowledge regarding liver health and diseases in Singapore. Methods A cross-sectional, self-reported, web-based questionnaire was administered to 500 adult individuals. Questionnaire items pertained to knowledge and awareness of overall liver health, liver diseases and their associated risk factors. Results Sixty-four percent of respondents were >= 35 years old and 54.0% were male. While majority agreed that regular screening was important for liver health (91.2%), only 65.4% attended health screening within recent 2 years. Hepatitis B had more awareness than hepatitis C among the respondents. About 70% agreed the consequences of viral hepatitis included liver cirrhosis, failure, and/or cancer. Yet, only 15% knew hepatitis C is not preventable by vaccination and more than half mistaken hepatitis B and C are transmissible via contaminated or raw seafood. Despite 75% being aware of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, many were not aware of the related risk factors and complications. Awareness of specific screening and diagnostic tests for liver health was poor as one-fifth correctly identified the diagnostic tests for viral hepatitis. Preferences for doctor's consultation, TV, or newspapers (online) as information channels contrasted those currently used in the public health education efforts. Conclusions The levels of understanding of liver diseases, risk factors, and potential complications are suboptimal among the Singapore public. More public education efforts aligned with respondents' information-seeking preferences could facilitate addressing misperceptions and increase knowledge about liver diseases.	本研究旨在评估新加坡公众对肝脏健康与疾病的认知水平。通过对500名成人进行横断面在线问卷调查发现，虽然绝大多数受访者认同定期筛查对肝脏健康的重要性，但近期的实际筛查参与率较低。受访者对乙肝的认知高于丙肝，约七成了解病毒性肝炎可导致肝硬化、肝衰竭或肝癌，但仅有少数人知道丙肝无法通过疫苗预防，且有超过半数误认为乙肝和丙肝可通过受污染或生海鲜传播。尽管四分之三的受访者听说过非酒精性脂肪性肝病，但其风险因素和并发症的知晓率不高。对肝脏特异性筛查和检测方法的了解普遍不足。研究结论指出，新加坡公众对肝脏疾病、风险因素及潜在并发症的整体认知水平不理想，建议公共卫生教育应更多地结合公众偏好的信息获取渠道，以纠正误解并提升相关知识。	2021	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jgh.15496